Off-Grid

Emergency Communications: Radios, Apps & What Works

Keep your family connected when the cell network doesn’t. Start with a simple plan, then add the tools that fit your budget and skills.

Step 1 — A simple family comms plan

Print this and stick it to the fridge. Everyone should know it cold.

  1. Primary channel: Text message. If no service, try Wi-Fi calling or a messaging app that supports offline mesh when available.
  2. Fallback 1: FRS handheld radios (Channel 3, privacy code 0) for local neighborhood contact.
  3. Fallback 2: GMRS handhelds/base (licensed) for wider range and family coordination.
  4. Check-in times: 10 minutes after the hour at 08:00 · 12:00 · 18:00.
  5. Rendezvous: Primary location = Home. Alternate = Aunt Lisa’s. Out-of-area contact = “Uncle Rob” at (555) 555-1234.
  6. Message format: WHO / WHERE / STATUS / NEEDS / NEXT (e.g., “MOM / HOME / OK / NEED MEDS / CHECK IN 1800”).

Step 2 — Radios that actually work

Start simple, then scale. Follow all local, state, and federal laws, and get training where required.

FRS (No license)

  • Great for: family, neighbors, short-range (0.5–1 mile typical in neighborhoods).
  • Pros: no license, inexpensive, fixed antennas (simple).
  • How: set same channel & code; keep radios charged and labeled.

GMRS (License required)

  • Great for: extended range, repeaters, whole-family coverage under one FCC license.
  • Pros: more power than FRS, detachable antennas on many models.
  • Note: an FCC GMRS license is required in the U.S. (no exam). Use only approved equipment.

MURS (License-free, limited)

  • Good for property/short-range with less congestion than FRS in some areas.
  • Equipment selection is narrower; follow device rules.

Amateur (Ham) Radio

  • Great for: local & regional nets, emergencies, learning real radio skills.
  • Requires an FCC license (exam). Opens access to powerful networks and repeaters.
  • Start with Technician class; join a local club for mentoring.
Respect privacy, emergency channels, and all regulations. Don’t transmit where you aren’t authorized.

Step 3 — Apps & offline options

  • SMS + Wi-Fi calling: Often works when voice doesn’t. Keep a list of contacts accessible offline.
  • Location sharing: Pre-agree on one app your family understands; disable when not needed.
  • Offline maps: Download maps for your area so directions still work without data.
  • Mesh messengers: Some apps/devices can pass short messages over Bluetooth/LoRa without cell service. Range is limited but useful for events or dense neighborhoods.

Grab-and-go checklist

  • Handheld radios labeled & charged; common channel card taped to each.
  • Spare AA/18650 batteries or power bank + short charge leads.
  • Printed family comms plan (this page) in backpacks & gloveboxes.
  • Paper list of emergency contacts + out-of-area contact.
  • Whistle + small notepad & pen for low-tech backup.

Printable quickstart

Put this in your go-bag and glovebox.

Download the PDF
Safety & Legal: Follow all radio service rules and licensing requirements where you live. Use only approved equipment on authorized frequencies. Training from qualified instructors and local clubs is strongly recommended. This guide is for educational purposes only.